Thank you for the logs.
From the USB log details I've been drilling down to track which chip is powering your adapter. DisplayLink doesn't design or manufacture any adapter or docking station, so it's not directly found in system_details.txt.
Your adapter is running the DL-165 chip.
In
the supported resolution table, the DL-165 is 1920x1080 or 1600x1200 max.
That explains why even with your newer monitor Windows doesn't report 1920x1200 as supported.